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Halloween, a contraction of All Hallows’ Eve, is an annual holiday celebrated on October 31 every year. This popular festival dates back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain. But now it’s observed all over the world. Halloween activities include parties, carving jack-o-lanterns, donning costumes and spooky treats.

Children wearing costumes go house to house after dark, calling out at each door “trick or treat”! Then people give them ‘treats’ like candy or gifts.  Among the fun facts, you may be wondering about the history of Halloween and how it pops into the culture through the ages.

Let’s reveal the facts of origin of Halloween.

Religious origin

Halloween is believed to be tracked by the dogma and practices of Christianity. The root word of Halloween derives from All Hallows’ Eve which is the commingled Scottish word of “All Hallows” meaning “to make holy” and “Even,” or “E’en,” meaning evening.

Thus Halloween (31^st October) means the evening before All Saints Day on November 1, and the two days earlier All Souls Day on November 2. These three days are called Allhallowtide together.

At this triple-day festival, Western Christians like the Roman Catholic and a large number of Protestant denominations of Christianity commemorate the saints as well as pray for the recently departed souls and martyrs.

Halloween is basically preparing themselves for All Saints Day on the evening of October 31 on Halloween with prayer vigils with other honorary events. After harvest, when there is plentiful food, the Halloween festival becomes more celebratory too.

On the other hand, Historians say that Halloween or Hallowe’en originated from Celt culture as early as AD 270. But my opinion is today’s Halloween has both Celt and Christian influences. To understand the fact read out the history.

Celtic Tradition

The Celts lived almost 2000 years ago in different locations of the world that now lie in the United Kingdom, northern France, and Ireland mostly. Ancient Celts of Ireland arranged the annual feast of ‘Samhain’ a special costume party on 31^st October.

They believed that between summer and winter, there is a boundary night when the limit between the living people and the dead is blurred. They also thought that the deceased ghosts came back to the earth on October 31, which was the last day of the year as Celts observed November 1 as their new year.

A fallacy is that evil spirits are released on 31^st October in the world to attract the festival and ‘eve’ returns to ward off the demons. Thus, people wore costumes on Halloween to disguise themselves so evil spirits can’t harm them.

According to Christian history of Halloween, a group of missionaries came to the Celt in England and Ireland. After hearing Gospel, most people of Celt accepted Christianity. After that Celt added Gospel with the All Hallows Eve festival.

According to a study by National Geographic Channel, Catholic churches were influenced by Celts Samhain. Thus, the Vatican sanctioned November 1 as a holiday and designated the day as All Saints Day to honor martyrs (saints) and departed souls.

And afterward, October 31 and November 2 were announced as All Hallows’ Eve (Halloween) and All Souls Day respectively. Generations passed by and Halloween transformed into today’s rituals.

How the rituals of Halloween are changing over the years?

Celtic celebrated the festival of Samhain on October 31 where they lit bonfires and dressed in costumes. They did it so that ghosts can’t recognize and harm them. But how did it come into America?

The rituals of Halloween were brought to the United States by some Irish immigrants in the 1840s for fleeing a potato famine. Thus, it got popularity first among the farm communities. They gathered together at the season’s end and used different natural elements as costumes.

Let’s talk about some Halloween rituals that are changing rapidly.

Pranks leading the way

In the last centuries, there were lots of pranks integrated with Halloween. Stealing garden gates and throwing cabbages are the two most popular among them. But now the style of Halloween pranks is changed. Hanging toilet paper in tree branches or egging houses are now popular.

Halloween parties are gaining popularity

Between the 1930s to 1950s, most Halloween parties were held at homes rather than parties in downtown centers. But now Halloween parties are very common even in school classrooms.   Celebrations have especially increased due to the involvement of mass people.

Store-bought treats are replaced by homemade food

What children expect now in trick-or-treating, is candy, right? But before the 1970s, children get nuts, fruits, popcorn, ball, or money. In the past, parents and senior citizens were very much concerned about children’s health.

Halloween Costumes

Halloween costumes are changing every year. According to the National Retail Foundation report of 2019, superheroes were the most popular children’s costumes for Halloween over princesses.

But this changed in 2021, Foundation was the most desired children’s costume to be superman, whereas princess and witch positioned runners up and third place respectively. Fake blood is now also a trending costume option.

Rise of Halloween TV specials and Halloween-themed parks

To spread Halloween popularity, most TV broadcasts Halloween-themed special programs. “It’s the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown” launched in 1966 and that was a beginning of a trend. Afterward, as a continuation of the “Halloweentown”, “The Simpsons”, and “Hocus Pocus” were developed.

On the other hand, seasonal theme parks decorate the parks with Halloween themes and arrange special attractions and facilities during this time to attract people.

Halloween Games:  Play the Google Doodle Halloween game.

Where is Halloween celebrated?

Nowadays, Halloween is celebrated around the world but it’s most popular in the United States, Canada, and United Kingdom. In some countries, it’s gaining popularity such as Australia, Belgium, Greece, France, New Zealand, Italy, Singapore, Japan, South Kore, Malaysia, and many more.

And Halloween is observed alongside traditional holidays in many other countries like Brazil, Germany, Ireland (alongside Samhain), Philippines, Columbia, China, Netherlands, and so on.

Summary

Halloween originated from the Celt Samhain festival. Celts celebrated the event in the memorial of their dead relatives and to thanksgiving between the end of summer and the long dark winter. Influenced by Celts, Halloween is observed on 31 October every year around the world either as a religious or non-religious event.

Twitch has gained popularity over the years as a place where everyone can entertain and express themselves through live content and interact with others who share the same interests. With the continued popularity of the streaming platform, the risks for its younger users also run high.

Even with Twitch’s tireless efforts to filter inappropriate content, it is nearly impossible to monitor all live streams. Much less monitor every interaction between users, both public and private.

In this guide, we’ll look at how Twitch works, the possible risks one might encounter while on Twitch, and whether it’s safe to entrust your teens with staying on this social streaming platform.

What is Twitch?

Twitch TV started as a social network for gamers where users could stream content and discuss their favorite games. Here, those on the site can stream gameplay, and others can watch and interact with them live through chat.

Today, it has grown from a game streaming platform to a place for people interested in music, esports, arts and crafts, food, and In Real Life (IRL) content.

There are two ways a user can participate in Twitch – as a streamer or as a viewer. Twitch Creators, also called Streamers, are the ones who do a variety of activities in front of the camera, like playing games, cooking, hosting a talk show, or creating artwork.

Those on the other side of the livestream who choose to watch and interact instead are called the Viewers.

How does Twitch work?

The highlight of Twitch is the streaming feature, where creators share gameplay and other activities live while making commentary. Their followers interact with them in real-time through chat.

Viewers can show their support to streamers by:

• Subscribing to their channel
• Making donations
• Sending them cheers (can be purchased with Bits, the in-house currency of Twitch)

All of these require real money.

The minimum age requirement to create an account on Twitch is 13, but parental guidance is highly encouraged for users between 13 and 18 years old.

Some kids will be adamant and won’t listen to their parents regarding being supervised, saying that they’re already “already grown up” or “old enough” to watch Twitch alone. If this happens, stay strong and stand your ground.

Is Twitch TV safe?

Here are the potential dangers of using Twitch that you should watch out for:

Scammers

Several Twitch users and fellow streamers have reported scammers claiming to be suffering from personal problems or helping a charity.

Unfortunately, many users fall for this, and some scammers have gotten away with it, especially from their younger fans.

Online predators

Anyone on Twitch can freely send direct messages or whisper to fellow users, including online predators looking to fish out sensitive information or ask kids to do something inappropriate.

Adult content

Because of the challenge of monitoring every livestream happening on Twitch, your kid may likely encounter a stream with themes of harassment, bullying, hate speech, and other displays of inappropriate behavior online.

Violence in games played by streamers.

Some of the games streamers play may contain violence or heavy themes. Since censorship is nearly impossible in a livestream, streamers can’t do much to prevent their younger audience from seeing these violent scenarios.

Accidental spending

There have been cases of accidental spending on Twitch by younger users, where they have spent thousands of dollars on their parents’ accounts to donate or subscribe to a streamer.

Link scams

Some users may send links to fellow users that are actually phishing websites where they steal sensitive info such as personal details and credit card numbers.

How to make Twitch TV a safe digital space for your child

The Amazon-owned platform is enforcing age restrictions for new users and is constantly updating its policies to keep it safe for users of all ages.

On the other hand, here’s what you can do to keep Twitch a safe space of entertainment for your kids:

1. Co-watching

Twitch’s guideline mentions that users under 18 must have a parent or a guardian supervising them while using the streaming platform. Parents can thus monitor what their children watch and what content they’re exposed to.

2. Turn on chat filters.

When on a live stream, scroll down to the bottom of the chat box, click Settings (the gear icon next to the Chat button), and toggle the Enable filtering in chat option. You can also select the specific filters you want to block on chat.

3. Block private messages (or Whispers)

Go to Settings, then Security and Privacy, and select block whispers from strangers.

Anyone who is not a friend or follower, a moderator from a channel they follow, or a Twitch partner or staff will not be able to message your child.

4. Implement Parental Controls

As of writing, there are no specific parental controls for streaming on Twitch.  However, you can use third-party software as a band-aid solution to help you set screen time for your children, filter messages, and monitor their online activities.

If your teen plans to stream on Twitch, you can edit the Moderation settings on the Creator Dashboard.

5. Tell Twitch “you’re not interested” in mature content

If you encounter a stream on your child’s Twitch feed with mature or questionable content, select the three vertical dots on the upper right side of the video. Then, choose I am not interested in this recommendation.

6. Restrict access to your bank account

As mentioned before, accidental spending happens. You never know when your teen might get carried away with donating or subscribing without knowing they’re charging it to your account.

7. Have an open discussion about the risks of being online and watching livestreams

Tell them not to share personal information with strangers, even with online friends. And if they feel like they’re encountering something suspicious or inappropriate, assure them they can come to you for help.

Is Twitch Safe?

Twitch is safe to use as long as your child exercises caution and is extra mindful of their online behavior. Continuous monitoring of their activities, messages, and the content they consume on Twitch is imperative to ensure their safety.

On the other hand, Twitch is determined to implement its Community Guidelines and rules. If a user violates these rules and guidelines, Twitch will impose a temporary or permanent ban, depending on their offense. The platform is also updating its policies from time to time to protect its users from malicious behaviors and activities.

Read about the safety issues on other social media platform, such as Reddit.

Among the many expenses we expect to pay every month, health insurance is one of the most significant. This is especially true when you are supporting a family. Your entire family could require medical care at some point, and unless you have a huge amount of savings, it will be prohibitively expensive.

But what if you have healthy kids who live fairly secure lives. Maybe you have some savings or investments you could dip into if something happened. Do you still need to get your kids health insurance? Is it mandated by law?

Before we get into the nitty-gritty of when health insurance is mandated, here are some other types of insurance you should consider when you have a family.

What additional types of insurance should you have?

Supporting a family is expensive. This may make you feel tempted to skimp on insurance as much as possible. However, if you don’t have it when you need it, you could be in serious trouble.

One type of insurance you may not want to get is life insurance. Is life insurance worth it? If you are the primary breadwinner, the answer is certainly yet. Even if you are not earning income, the things you do on a day-to-day basis for your family would cost a lot of money to hire someone else to do. Life insurance gives your family the security they need at a time when they are particularly vulnerable.

Contents coverage in your homeowners insurance is also crucial. The things your family owns are more expensive than you think. Replacing a child’s entire wardrobe if it gets destroyed in a fire will cost you thousands of dollars.

If you have these kinds of insurance, do you really need health insurance for your kids on top of it? Could you not leave this one thing to your savings?

Do all Kids Have Access to Health Insurance?

Access of health insurance is usually not a question of availability, rather it is an issue of cost.  There is a continual effort to reduce the uninsured rate for those under 19 years old.  Government programs seek to reach lower income families, providing health insurance coverage for those below a certain income level.

Access for those on living on the threshold rate of eligibility for assisted coverage can also depend on the state that a child resides.  Direct purchase of coverage increases in states where eligibility for programs are limited.  Regardless of where you may live, you can seek a free Medicare insurance quote online to explore options for health insurance coverage.

Expansion states are those where governments are striving to expand eligibility for families who seek Medicaid and health insurance programs.  Changes in population, economic conditions, and federal and state policies will certainly affect one’s access to care.

Length of Coverage on a Parents Plan

There are many facets related to finances and planning related to coverage.  Consult a financial advisor to answer questions you may have about ensuring the wellbeing of your family.  In most states, kids that grows into adulthood can stay on their parent’s health insurance plan until they are 26 years old.  The Patient Protection and Affordable Care (ACA) mandates this.  Even if a child gets married, is enrolled in school or not, or have turned down insurance through a job, the child can stay on their parent’s plan.

Furthermore, children do not need to be living at home and it’s not required that they be a tax dependent.  Of course, anyone 18 years or older are free to seek out their own health insurance coverage.

Is health insurance for kids mandated by law?

What does the law say about whether kids need to have health insurance? It is pretty straightforward. The ACA mandates that parents need to have health insurance for their kids, or have their family on a family plan, and charges fines to parents who do not.

This may seem extreme, especially if you have the money to pay for visits to the doctor and occasional health conditions and injuries. However, the reality is that health care is far more expensive than you probably know. Even with a minor issue, the cost of care rises rapidly. Every single aspect is charged for, with a significant markup.

For kids who are diagnosed with a major life-threatening illness like leukemia, you may be on the hook for hundreds of thousands of dollars in a single year. While in most cases, treatment will ‘only’ cost about $50,000 in that first year, most people do not have that kind of money, and there is always a risk that costs will far exceed this.

Long story short, you are required by law to get health insurance for your kids, and it is something you should have regardless. In an ideal world, we would not have to pay huge amounts just to get our kids basic care, but the American healthcare system is not going to change any time soon. Even the regulations implemented through the ACA that help parents with health insurance costs may not always be around, with many lawmakers trying to repeal the act.

How do you apply for a plan?

You can apply for health insurance for your kids through the healthcare.gov website. In certain states, you will have to go through the state’s website. Make sure you have your kids’ social security numbers, your employer’s information, and your own health insurance details at hand.

This is something you should not delay any longer. If you are struggling to make ends meet, the good news is that ACA subsidizes healthcare plans.

DevOps is both a culture and a way of working in which software developers and IT operations engineers collaborate within a single team to achieve a predetermined goal.  In older methods of developing software, software development and software operations were clearly separated.

The programmers were only marginally involved in the operation of the software they had developed, and they knew very little about its location or usage. In the meantime, those in charge of operations (known as sysadmins) had a limited understanding of what the software did and how it was developed, and they had to pray that it worked as intended.

You can become a DevOps Engineer regardless of your prior experience as a Developer, Operations professional, Quality Assurance specialist, or if you are a beginner. After the application’s code has been developed, a DevOps engineer is able to write code for it; however, they are also responsible for the application’s continuous automated build, deployment, and operations.

They collaborate with the business leaders and manage the workflow in its entirety to ensure the successful integration of the software with the automated processes. The best and fastest way to get into devops is to enroll in a devops engineer course and learn all the skills required.

Let us try to break down the skillset and aspects that are essential for being a successful devops engineer.

Skills required for a career as a successful DevOps engineer

Certain skills are required to become a DevOps engineer and are therefore considered prerequisites. You do not need to possess all of these abilities immediately; rather, you can acquire some of them through experience. Don’t let the lengthy list overwhelm you. You can begin with one or two of the following, as appropriate:

Expertise in Computer Programming

For DevOps engineer positions, the level of competition and peer pressure is always high; therefore, if you want to advance in your career, you will need to exceed expectations. Being able to code in multiple languages, such as Python, Java, Ruby, or a similar language, can put you in a better position than working in a network or information technology alone. If necessary, you will be able to debug sections of code and resolve build and deployment errors, which will prevent the software development lifecycle from cycling back and forth between development and deployment, thereby saving time and resources.

Understanding of Network and Storage Systems

Because DevOps professionals manage a large number of servers, connections, data, and storage, they should be able to handle any network issues that may arise. This implies that they should be familiar with IT network and storage concepts. Working with real-time systems requires familiarity with various protocols, application programming interfaces (APIs), and capacity decisions to support the required infrastructure.

Because of this, a network engineer with prior experience in server maintenance can easily transition into a DevOps engineer position with minimal additional training. Prioritize the acquisition of scripting skills and familiarity with a variety of configuration and deployment tools. Familiarize yourself with Linux, OpenStack, and a public cloud service such as Azure or AWS in order to prepare. Continuous integration utilizing tools such as Jenkins and Kubernetes is yet another topic on which you should focus your long-term education.

Infrastructure Management and Regulatory Compliance

For newly developed systems, the DevOps workflow is available. However, legacy systems require attention and should be quickly integrated into the DevOps world. These systems must be configured to be compliant, secure, scalable, and well-balanced. Additionally, they should have adequate backups. All of this should occur without disrupting any of the currently operating businesses. In a nutshell, it is necessary to automate the activities that were previously performed manually.

Mechanisms of Mechanization

Puppet, Kubernetes, and Jenkins are three of the many available DevOps automation tools, but Puppet, Kubernetes, and Jenkins are the most popular. Ultimately, the DevOps process aims to automate as much of its work as possible. Starting with the generation of code, every single task must be automated, including building, testing, and deployment. In addition, monitoring and post-production testing were automated, enabling continuous integration and expediting the production of results.

Security

To ensure the overall security of a DevOps environment, specific practices must be developed using a wide range of policies, strategies, and methods. The development, testing, build, deployment, and monitoring phases of the DevOps life cycle cannot be completed without security. There are risks associated with each successive phase. For example, the vast majority of deployments are conducted in a cloud environment; therefore, cloud security concerns must be addressed. Similarly, containers and the tools used to manage them, such as Docker, Kubernetes, etc., have their own vulnerabilities.

To address these security challenges in a cloud environment, it’s crucial that DevOps teams prioritize security at every stage of the development lifecycle. By adopting shift left security practices, teams can identify vulnerabilities earlier, reducing risks and improving overall software quality. This involves integrating security measures from the earliest phases of design throughout testing and deployment.

Virtualization and Cloud Computing

Virtualization refers to the execution of a virtual instance of a computer system in a layer that is separate from and abstracted from the actual hardware. Due to virtualization’s ability to partition a large system into several smaller ones, a server can be utilized by a greater number of users or applications with varying requirements.

In light of this, virtualization is an essential component of DevOps. Imagine we have the ability to virtualize the hardware and duplicate the existing network. This will facilitate collaboration and coordination between the development and operations (IT) teams. In addition, a simplified testing interface will be made available.

Testing

If you are familiar with agile methodologies, you are aware that their development process follows a pattern of incremental and iterative development. Software development includes both testing and development. DevOps represents a natural progression. In addition to testing the functionality of a product, testers are responsible for testing its operations, performance, and security, as well as the analysis of data and logs.

Competence in Speaking and Hearing

Finally, but by no means least, a successful DevOps engineer Chicago must have excellent communication skills. Due to his role as a mediator between the IT team and the development team, he is responsible for ensuring that both teams collaborate effectively. In addition, as a DevOps engineer, you will always be part of a large team, which will provide ample opportunities for interaction and discussion. Effective communication requires not only saying the right things at the right times but also in the right order. You can compete for any job if you possess this skill, not just the position of DevOps engineer.